COMMON CAUSES OF SHOULDER PAIN IN INDIVIDUALS ABOVE 40

As we age, our bodies undergo various changes, and one of the most common complaints among individuals over 40 is shoulder pain. Whether you’re a weekend golfer, an active player, an office worker, or simply someone who enjoys gardening, shoulder discomfort can significantly affect your quality of life.

Shoulder pain in this age group can be a result of wear and tear (medically known as degeneration) or an injury (old or new) catching up. Understanding the root causes can help in early diagnosis, effective treatment, and, most importantly, prevention.

Here are some of the most common causes of shoulder pain in individuals over 40

1. Rotator Cuff Tears

The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint. Over time, these tendons can become inflamed (tendinitis) or even tear, especially with repetitive overhead movements or heavy lifting. There may also be a component of age related degeneration (referred to as tendinosis).

Symptoms:

• Dull ache deep in the shoulder
• Difficulty sleeping on the affected side
• Weakness when lifting or rotating the arm

2. Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)

This condition involves stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint, often developing gradually and worsening over time. It’s more common in people over 40, especially women and those with diabetes or thyroid disorders.

Symptoms:

• Limited range of motion
• Persistent shoulder stiffness
• Pain that worsens at night

Risk factors

• Diabetes
• Kidney diseases
• Previous shoulder injuries

3. Shoulder Osteoarthritis

Arthritis is a common age-related condition where the cartilage cushioning the bones wears down. In the shoulder, this can lead to painful movement and reduced mobility. Osteoarthritis of shoulder is much less common than knees, and the treatment is significantly different.

Symptoms:

• Grinding or clicking sensation
• Pain during activity or rest
• Stiffness and reduced range of motion

4. Impingement Syndrome

This occurs when the shoulder blade rubs against the rotator cuff tendons. It can cause inflammation and pain, especially when lifting the arm overhead.

Symptoms:

• Pain during arm elevation
• Weakness in the shoulder
• A feeling of “catching” in the joint

Risk factors

• Overhead athletes
• Weight lifters
• Individuals engaged in overhead activity as part of their
• Genetic predisposition

5. Calcific Tendinitis

Calcium deposits can form in the tendons of the rotator cuff, leading to intensepain and inflammation. The exact cause isn’t always clear but is more common in middle-aged adults.

Symptoms:

• Sudden or severe pain
• Limited shoulder movement
• Tenderness around the joint

6. Referred Pain

Sometimes, shoulder pain isn’t due to a problem in the shoulder itself but is “referred” from another area, such as the neck or upper spine.

Symptoms:

• Pain that changes with neck movement
• Numbness or tingling in the arm or hand
• Pain not worsened by shoulder movement

Prevention and Management Tips:

• Stay Active: Regular stretching and strengthening exercises can keep shoulder muscles flexible and strong.
• Warm-Up Properly: Before engaging in physical activity, especially if it’s repetitive or overhead.
• Maintain Good Posture: Poor posture can strain the shoulder muscles and lead to pain.
• Listen to Your Body: Don’t ignore persistent discomfort—early intervention can prevent long-term damage.
• Seek Professional Help: If shoulder pain lasts more than a few weeks, worsens, or limits movement, consult a healthcare provider.

Treatment options:

• Conservative treatment : Medications with Physical therapy works in majority of cases, coupled with reduction in intensity of activities
• Injection therapy: some may require a steroid injection or platet rich plasma (PRP) therapy, mostly as a single shot.
• Arthroscopic/key hole surgery: Some individuals who do not improve with therapy/injections and medications may require The procedure offers consistent, reliable resolution with no limitation on sports in the long run.

Final Thoughts

Shoulder pain in individuals over 40 is common but not inevitable. With awareness, prevention, and timely treatment, you can maintain shoulder health and keep enjoying the activities you love. Whether it’s rotator cuff issues or simple strain, understanding the cause is the first step toward relief.

CONSULT A SHOULDER SPECIALIST FOR AN ACCURATE TREATMENT PLAN AND CARE.